stage1 实现ir2vm 修复nob test命令的构建问题

nob.c

@@ -31,8 +31,9 @@ static const char *splc0_srcs[] = {
     "stage1/spl_intrin.c",
     "stage1/spl_ir.c",
     "stage1/spl_ast2ir.c",
-    // "stage1/spl_ir2vm.c",
-    // "stage0/spl_mcode.c",
+    "stage1/spl_layout.c",
+    "stage1/spl_ir2vm.c",
+    "stage0/spl_mcode.c",
 };
 /* clang-format on */
 
@@ -182,7 +183,7 @@ static void parse_expect(const char *name, Nob_Cmd_Result *expect) {
         if (rest.count == 0)
             continue;
 
-        if (nob_sv_starts_with(rest, nob_sv_from_cstr("Expect"))) {
+        if (!nob_sv_starts_with(rest, nob_sv_from_cstr("Expect"))) {
             break;
         }
         rest = nob_sv_from_parts(rest.data + 6, rest.count - 6);
@@ -198,6 +199,7 @@ static void parse_expect(const char *name, Nob_Cmd_Result *expect) {
             for (size_t i = 0; i < value.count && isdigit(value.data[i]); ++i) {
                 val = val * 10 + (value.data[i] - '0');
             }
+            // printf("expected code %d\n", val);
             expect->exit_code = val;
         } else if (nob_sv_eq(key, nob_sv_from_cstr("stdout"))) {
         }
@@ -229,14 +231,14 @@ static bool test_once(const char *fname, void *user_data) {
     cmd.count = 0;
     nob_cmd_append(&cmd, nob_temp_sprintf(BUILD_FOLDER "%s", cli_path));
     nob_cmd_append(&cmd, target_sir);
-    nob_cmd_run(&cmd);
+    // nob_cmd_run(&cmd);
 
     Nob_Cmd_Result result = {0};
-
     Nob_String_Builder cmd_str = {0};
     nob_cmd_render(cmd, &cmd_str);
-    nob_sb_append_null(&cmd_str);
-    nob_cmd_capture_popen(cmd_str.items, &result);
+
+    Nob_String_View sv = nob_sb_to_sv(cmd_str);
+    nob_cmd_capture_popen(nob_temp_sv_to_cstr(sv), &result);
     // Expect retcode = number
 
     Nob_Cmd_Result expect = {0};
@@ -268,6 +270,10 @@ typedef bool (*test_fn_t)(const char *fname, void *user_data);
 static bool run_test(Nob_Files *files, test_fn_t test_once, void *user_data) {
     const char *test_folder = "./tests/stage1/";
 
+    if (!prepare_build()) {
+        return 1;
+    }
+
     Nob_File_Paths paths = {0};
     nob_read_entire_dir(test_folder, &paths);
     for (int i = 0; i < files->count; i += 1) {
@@ -284,10 +290,6 @@ static bool run_test(Nob_Files *files, test_fn_t test_once, void *user_data) {
         }
     }
 
-    if (!prepare_build()) {
-        return 1;
-    }
-
     return true;
 }
 
@@ -320,7 +322,7 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv) {
 #ifdef _WIN32
     SetConsoleOutputCP(CP_UTF8);
 #endif
-    NOB_GO_REBUILD_URSELF_PLUS(argc, argv, "nob.h");
+    NOB_GO_REBUILD_URSELF_PLUS(argc, argv, "nob.h", "nob_popen.h");
     set_log_handler(nob_cancer_log_handler);
 
     const char *program_name = nob_shift(argv, argc);

nob_popen.h

@@ -15,34 +15,125 @@ typedef struct {
     int count;
 } Nob_Files;
 
-// 运行命令，捕获 stdout 和退出码（不支持 stdin 和 stderr）
+// 运行命令，捕获 stdout（Windows 下会合并 stderr）和真实退出码。
+// 返回 true 仅表示命令成功启动并完成，不代表 exit_code == 0。
 bool nob_cmd_capture_popen(const char *tname, Nob_Cmd_Result *res) {
     memset(res, 0, sizeof(*res));
 
 #ifdef _WIN32
-    FILE *fp = _popen(tname, "r");
-#else
-    FILE *fp = popen(tname, "r");
-#endif
+    // ---------- Windows: CreateProcessA + 匿名管道 ----------
+    SECURITY_ATTRIBUTES sa = {0};
+    sa.nLength = sizeof(sa);
+    sa.bInheritHandle = TRUE;
+    sa.lpSecurityDescriptor = NULL;
 
+    HANDLE hRead = NULL;
+    HANDLE hWrite = NULL;
+    if (!CreatePipe(&hRead, &hWrite, &sa, 0)) {
+        nob_log(NOB_ERROR, "CreatePipe failed: %s", nob_win32_error_message(GetLastError()));
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    // 读端不能被继承，否则父进程 ReadFile 永远等不到 EOF
+    if (!SetHandleInformation(hRead, HANDLE_FLAG_INHERIT, 0)) {
+        nob_log(NOB_ERROR, "SetHandleInformation failed: %s",
+                nob_win32_error_message(GetLastError()));
+        CloseHandle(hRead);
+        CloseHandle(hWrite);
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    STARTUPINFOA si = {0};
+    si.cb = sizeof(si);
+    si.dwFlags = STARTF_USESTDHANDLES;
+    si.hStdInput = GetStdHandle(STD_INPUT_HANDLE);
+    si.hStdOutput = hWrite;
+    si.hStdError = hWrite; // 把 stderr 也并入 out，需要分离的话另开一条管道
+
+    PROCESS_INFORMATION pi = {0};
+
+    // CreateProcessA 会就地修改 lpCommandLine，必须传可写缓冲
+    char *cmdline = NULL;
+    {
+        size_t n = strlen(tname) + 1;
+        cmdline = (char *)malloc(n);
+        if (!cmdline) {
+            CloseHandle(hRead);
+            CloseHandle(hWrite);
+            nob_log(NOB_ERROR, "malloc failed");
+            return false;
+        }
+        memcpy(cmdline, tname, n);
+    }
+
+    BOOL ok = CreateProcessA(NULL,             // lpApplicationName: 让系统从 lpCommandLine 里解析
+                             cmdline,          // lpCommandLine
+                             NULL,             // lpProcessAttributes
+                             NULL,             // lpThreadAttributes
+                             TRUE,             // bInheritHandles: 必须为 TRUE，才能继承管道写端
+                             CREATE_NO_WINDOW, // 不弹黑窗；想弹就传 0
+                             NULL,             // lpEnvironment
+                             NULL,             // lpCurrentDirectory
+                             &si, &pi);
+
+    free(cmdline);
+
+    // 无论成功与否，父进程都不再需要写端（子进程已持有自己的副本）
+    CloseHandle(hWrite);
+
+    if (!ok) {
+        nob_log(NOB_ERROR, "CreateProcessA failed for \"%s\": %s", tname,
+                nob_win32_error_message(GetLastError()));
+        CloseHandle(hRead);
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    // ---------- 读取 stdout ----------
+    {
+        char buffer[4096];
+        DWORD n = 0;
+        while (ReadFile(hRead, buffer, sizeof(buffer), &n, NULL) && n > 0) {
+            nob_sb_append_buf(&res->out, buffer, (size_t)n);
+        }
+    }
+    CloseHandle(hRead);
+
+    // ---------- 等待并取真实退出码 ----------
+    WaitForSingleObject(pi.hProcess, INFINITE);
+    DWORD code = 0;
+    if (!GetExitCodeProcess(pi.hProcess, &code)) {
+        nob_log(NOB_ERROR, "GetExitCodeProcess failed: %s",
+                nob_win32_error_message(GetLastError()));
+        code = (DWORD)-1;
+    }
+    res->exit_code = (int)code;
+
+    CloseHandle(pi.hProcess);
+    CloseHandle(pi.hThread);
+
+#else
+    // ---------- POSIX: popen ----------
+    FILE *fp = popen(tname, "r");
     if (!fp) {
-        nob_log(NOB_ERROR, "popen failed");
+        nob_log(NOB_ERROR, "popen failed: %s", strerror(errno));
         return false;
     }
 
-    // 读取输出到 String_Builder
     char buffer[4096];
     while (fgets(buffer, sizeof(buffer), fp)) {
         nob_sb_append_cstr(&res->out, buffer);
     }
 
-    // 获取退出码
-#ifdef _WIN32
-    res->exit_code = _pclose(fp);
-#else
-    res->exit_code = pclose(fp);
-    if (WIFEXITED(res->exit_code))
-        res->exit_code = WEXITSTATUS(res->exit_code);
+    int status = pclose(fp);
+    if (status == -1) {
+        nob_log(NOB_ERROR, "pclose failed: %s", strerror(errno));
+        return false;
+    }
+    if (WIFEXITED(status))
+        status = WEXITSTATUS(status);
+    else if (WIFSIGNALED(status))
+        status = 128 + WTERMSIG(status);
+    res->exit_code = status;
 #endif
 
     res->ok = true;

stage1/spl_ast.c

@@ -91,7 +91,7 @@ static spl_ast_node_ref_t new_node(parser_t *p, spl_ast_node_kind_t kind, const
     spl_ast_node_t n = {0};
     n.kind = kind;
     n.resolved_def_id = 0;
-    n.resolved_type_id = 0;
+    n.resolved_lang_tid = 0;
     if (tok) {
         n.dbg.dbg_name = spl_ast_kind_name(kind);
         n.dbg.fname = tok->fname;

stage1/spl_ast.h

@@ -150,8 +150,10 @@ typedef VEC(spl_ast_node_ref_t) spl_ast_node_ref_vec_t;
 struct spl_ast_node {
     spl_ast_node_kind_t kind;
     spl_dbg_node_t dbg;
+
     usize resolved_def_id;
-    usize resolved_type_id;
+    usize resolved_lang_tid;
+    usize expected_lang_tid;
 
     union {
         /* SPL_AST_ROOT */

stage1/spl_ast2ir.c

@@ -8,11 +8,8 @@ static spl_type_id_t to_ir_type(spl_ast2ir_t *a, spl_lang_type_id_t lang) {
 }
 
 static spl_lang_type_id_t node_lang(spl_ast2ir_t *a, spl_ast_node_t *n) {
-    if (!n)
-        return 0;
-    if (n->kind == SPL_AST_EXPR_IDENT)
-        return spl_def_get_lang_id(a->sema->type, n->resolved_def_id);
-    return n->resolved_type_id;
+    (void)a;
+    return n ? n->resolved_lang_tid : 0;
 }
 
 static spl_type_id_t node_ir(spl_ast2ir_t *a, spl_ast_node_t *n) {
@@ -30,27 +27,48 @@ static void emit_stmt(spl_ast2ir_t *a, spl_ast_node_ref_t ref);
 static void emit_decl(spl_ast2ir_t *a, spl_ast_node_ref_t ref);
 static void emit_fn(spl_ast2ir_t *a, spl_ast_node_t *n);
 static void emit_container(spl_ast2ir_t *a, spl_ast_node_ref_t ref);
-static spl_ir_node_ref_t emit_cast(spl_ast2ir_t *a, spl_ast_node_t *n);
 
-static spl_ir_node_ref_t ast2ir_intrin_call(spl_ast2ir_t *a, spl_ast_node_t *n, spl_intrin_t in);
+static spl_ir_node_ref_t emit_cast(spl_ast2ir_t *a, spl_ast_node_t *n);
+static spl_ir_node_ref_t emit_expr_raw(spl_ast2ir_t *a, spl_ast_node_ref_t ref);
+static spl_ir_node_ref_t emit_implicit_cast(spl_ast2ir_t *a, spl_type_id_t ft, spl_type_id_t tt,
+                                            spl_ir_node_ref_t v);
+
+static spl_ir_node_ref_t ast2ir_intrin_call(spl_ast2ir_t *a, spl_ast_node_t *n, spl_intrin_t in,
+                                            spl_ast_node_ref_vec_t *args);
 static spl_ir_node_ref_t ast2ir_intrin_field(spl_ast2ir_t *a, spl_ast_node_t *n, spl_intrin_t in);
 static spl_ir_node_ref_t ast2ir_intrin_len(spl_ast2ir_t *a, spl_ast_node_t *n);
 
-static spl_ir_node_ref_t ast2ir_intrin_call(spl_ast2ir_t *a, spl_ast_node_t *n, spl_intrin_t in) {
+static spl_ir_node_ref_t ast2ir_intrin_call(spl_ast2ir_t *a, spl_ast_node_t *n, spl_intrin_t in,
+                                            spl_ast_node_ref_vec_t *args) {
     switch (in) {
     case SPL_INTRIN_SIZEOF: {
-        spl_ast_node_t *arg = spl_ast_node(a->sema->ast, vec_at(n->call.args, 0));
+        spl_ast_node_t *arg = spl_ast_node(a->sema->ast, vec_at(*args, 0));
         return spl_ir_builder_type_sizeof(a->ir, node_ir(a, arg));
     }
     case SPL_INTRIN_ALIGNOF: {
-        spl_ast_node_t *arg = spl_ast_node(a->sema->ast, vec_at(n->call.args, 0));
+        spl_ast_node_t *arg = spl_ast_node(a->sema->ast, vec_at(*args, 0));
         return spl_ir_builder_type_alignof(a->ir, node_ir(a, arg));
     }
     case SPL_INTRIN_ASSERT: {
-        /* 目前 SEMA 只做类型检查，emit 阶段留空，
-           @assert 展开需待 control.trap 语义明确后再实现 */
+        spl_ir_node_ref_t cond = emit_expr(a, vec_at(*args, 0));
+        if (!cond)
+            return 0;
+
+        spl_lang_type_id_t b = spl_lang_make_bool(a->sema->type);
+        spl_ir_node_ref_t notc = spl_ir_builder_arith_not(a->ir, to_ir_type(a, b), cond);
+        spl_ir_node_ref_t br = spl_ir_builder_control_br(a->ir, notc);
+        spl_ir_builder_block_end(a->ir);
+
+        usize trap_blk = spl_ir_builder_block_begin(a->ir);
+        spl_ir_builder_control_trap(a->ir);
+        spl_ir_builder_block_end(a->ir);
+
+        usize cont_blk = spl_ir_builder_block_begin(a->ir);
+        spl_ir_builder_control_br_fixup(a->ir, br, trap_blk, cont_blk);
         return 0;
     }
+    case SPL_INTRIN_BREAKPOINT:
+        return spl_ir_builder_dbg_breakpoint(a->ir);
     default:
         UNREACHABLE();
     }
@@ -88,8 +106,8 @@ static spl_ir_node_ref_t ast2ir_intrin_len(spl_ast2ir_t *a, spl_ast_node_t *n) {
         spl_ir_node_ref_t slice_val = emit_expr(a, n->field.obj);
         if (!slice_val)
             return 0;
-        return spl_ir_builder_agg_extract(a->ir, usize_ir, usize_ir, SPL_SLICE_LEN_FIELD_IDX,
-                                          slice_val);
+        return spl_ir_builder_agg_extract(a->ir, recv->ir_type_id, usize_ir,
+                                          SPL_SLICE_LEN_FIELD_IDX, slice_val);
     }
     default:
         return 0;
@@ -142,12 +160,7 @@ static spl_ir_node_ref_t emit_lvalue(spl_ast2ir_t *a, spl_ast_node_ref_t ref) {
         if (!spl_type_agg_member_idx(a->sema->type, agg_ir, n->field.field, &idx))
             return 0;
 
-        spl_type_node_t *agg_n = spl_type_node(a->sema->type, agg_ir);
-        if (!agg_n)
-            return 0;
-        spl_type_id_t field_ir = vec_at(agg_n->agg_type.variants, idx).type_id;
-
-        return spl_ir_builder_mem_field(a->ir, field_ir, base, idx);
+        return spl_ir_builder_mem_field(a->ir, agg_ir, base, idx);
     }
     case SPL_AST_EXPR_INDEX: {
         spl_ast_node_t *obj = spl_ast_node(a->sema->ast, n->index.obj);
@@ -198,7 +211,7 @@ static spl_ir_node_ref_t emit_lvalue(spl_ast2ir_t *a, spl_ast_node_ref_t ref) {
 }
 
 static spl_ir_node_ref_t emit_cast(spl_ast2ir_t *a, spl_ast_node_t *n) {
-    spl_ir_node_ref_t v = emit_expr(a, n->cast.expr);
+    spl_ir_node_ref_t v = emit_expr_raw(a, n->cast.expr);
     if (!v)
         return 0;
     spl_ast_node_t *src = spl_ast_node(a->sema->ast, n->cast.expr);
@@ -238,6 +251,28 @@ static spl_ir_node_ref_t emit_cast(spl_ast2ir_t *a, spl_ast_node_t *n) {
 }
 
 static spl_ir_node_ref_t emit_expr(spl_ast2ir_t *a, spl_ast_node_ref_t ref) {
+    spl_ir_node_ref_t val = emit_expr_raw(a, ref);
+    if (!val)
+        return 0;
+
+    spl_ast_node_t *n = spl_ast_node(a->sema->ast, ref);
+    if (!n || n->expected_lang_tid == 0)
+        return val;
+
+    spl_lang_type_id_t from = n->resolved_lang_tid;
+    spl_lang_type_id_t to = n->expected_lang_tid;
+    if (!from || from == to)
+        return val;
+
+    spl_type_id_t from_ir = to_ir_type(a, from);
+    spl_type_id_t to_ir = to_ir_type(a, to);
+    if (!from_ir || !to_ir || from_ir == to_ir)
+        return val;
+
+    return emit_implicit_cast(a, from_ir, to_ir, val);
+}
+
+static spl_ir_node_ref_t emit_expr_raw(spl_ast2ir_t *a, spl_ast_node_ref_t ref) {
     spl_ast_node_t *n = spl_ast_node(a->sema->ast, ref);
     if (!n)
         return 0;
@@ -396,22 +431,32 @@ static spl_ir_node_ref_t emit_expr(spl_ast2ir_t *a, spl_ast_node_ref_t ref) {
         if (callee && callee->kind == SPL_AST_EXPR_IDENT) {
             spl_intrin_t in = spl_intrin_lookup_call(callee->ident.name);
             if (in != SPL_INTRIN_NONE)
-                return ast2ir_intrin_call(a, n, in);
+                return ast2ir_intrin_call(a, n, in, &n->call.args);
         }
 
         spl_ir_node_ref_t fn = emit_expr(a, n->call.callee);
         if (!fn)
             return 0;
+
+        /* 先求所有参数 */
+        usize nargs = vec_size(n->call.args);
+        spl_ir_node_ref_vec_t arg_refs;
+        vec_init(arg_refs);
+        for (usize i = 0; i < nargs; ++i)
+            vec_push(arg_refs, emit_expr(a, vec_at(n->call.args, i)));
+
+        /* 再创建 call 节点 */
         spl_type_id_t ret_t = node_ir(a, n);
         spl_ir_node_ref_t call = spl_ir_builder_control_call(a->ir, ret_t, fn);
-        if (!call)
+        if (!call) {
+            vec_free(arg_refs);
             return 0;
-        for (usize i = 0; i < vec_size(n->call.args); ++i) {
-            spl_ir_node_ref_t arg = emit_expr(a, vec_at(n->call.args, i));
-            if (!arg)
-                return 0;
-            spl_ir_builder_control_call_param(a->ir, call, arg);
         }
+
+        for (usize i = 0; i < vec_size(arg_refs); ++i)
+            spl_ir_builder_control_call_param(a->ir, call, vec_at(arg_refs, i));
+        vec_free(arg_refs);
+
         return call;
     }
     case SPL_AST_EXPR_FIELD: {
@@ -438,15 +483,25 @@ static spl_ir_node_ref_t emit_expr(spl_ast2ir_t *a, spl_ast_node_ref_t ref) {
         return emit_cast(a, n);
     case SPL_AST_EXPR_TUPLE: {
         spl_type_id_t t = node_ir(a, n);
-        spl_ir_node_ref_t node = spl_ir_builder_agg_construct(a->ir, t);
-        if (!node)
-            return 0;
-        for (usize i = 0; i < vec_size(n->tuple.elems); ++i) {
+        usize nelems = vec_size(n->tuple.elems);
+
+        spl_ir_node_ref_vec_t field_refs;
+        vec_init(field_refs);
+        for (usize i = 0; i < nelems; ++i) {
             spl_ir_node_ref_t f = emit_expr(a, vec_at(n->tuple.elems, i));
             if (!f)
-                return 0;
-            spl_ir_builder_agg_construct_field(a->ir, node, f);
+                Panic("tuple element emit failed");
+            vec_push(field_refs, f);
         }
+
+        spl_ir_node_ref_t node = spl_ir_builder_agg_construct(a->ir, t);
+        if (!node)
+            Panic("agg_construct failed for tuple");
+
+        for (usize i = 0; i < nelems; ++i)
+            spl_ir_builder_agg_construct_field(a->ir, node, vec_at(field_refs, i));
+
+        vec_free(field_refs);
         return node;
     }
     case SPL_AST_EXPR_ARRAY_LIT: {
@@ -454,16 +509,25 @@ static spl_ir_node_ref_t emit_expr(spl_ast2ir_t *a, spl_ast_node_ref_t ref) {
         if (!t)
             Panic("array literal has no type after sema");
 
+        usize nelems = vec_size(n->array_literal.elems);
+
+        spl_ir_node_ref_vec_t field_refs;
+        vec_init(field_refs);
+        for (usize i = 0; i < nelems; ++i) {
+            spl_ir_node_ref_t f = emit_expr(a, vec_at(n->array_literal.elems, i));
+            if (!f)
+                Panic("array element emit failed");
+            vec_push(field_refs, f);
+        }
+
         spl_ir_node_ref_t node = spl_ir_builder_agg_construct(a->ir, t);
         if (!node)
             Panic("agg_construct failed for array literal");
 
-        for (usize i = 0; i < vec_size(n->array_literal.elems); ++i) {
-            spl_ir_node_ref_t f = emit_expr(a, vec_at(n->array_literal.elems, i));
-            if (!f)
-                Panic("array element emit failed");
-            spl_ir_builder_agg_construct_field(a->ir, node, f);
-        }
+        for (usize i = 0; i < nelems; ++i)
+            spl_ir_builder_agg_construct_field(a->ir, node, vec_at(field_refs, i));
+
+        vec_free(field_refs);
         return node;
     }
     case SPL_AST_EXPR_AGGREGATE_LIT: {
@@ -535,47 +599,62 @@ static spl_ir_node_ref_t emit_expr(spl_ast2ir_t *a, spl_ast_node_ref_t ref) {
         if (!obj_ln)
             return 0;
 
-        /* 目前只处理数组->切片的完整形式 arr[..]（无 begin / end）
-           或 arr[begin..end] 的通用形式。简化实现只做完整切片。 */
-        spl_type_id_t slice_ir = node_ir(a, n); /* struct{ptr, len} */
+        spl_type_id_t slice_ir = node_ir(a, n);
         if (!slice_ir)
             return 0;
 
-        spl_ir_node_ref_t node = spl_ir_builder_agg_construct(a->ir, slice_ir);
-        if (!node)
-            return 0;
+        spl_lang_type_id_t elem_lang = obj_ln->extra.elem;
+        spl_type_id_t elem_ir = to_ir_type(a, elem_lang);
+        spl_lang_type_id_t usize_lang = spl_lang_make_int(a->sema->type, sizeof(void *) * 8, 0);
+        spl_type_id_t usize_ir = to_ir_type(a, usize_lang);
 
-        /* 取数组元素指针 */
         spl_ir_node_ref_t base = emit_lvalue(a, n->slice.obj);
         if (!base)
             return 0;
 
-        spl_type_id_t ptr_ir =
-            spl_type_builder_ptr(a->sema->type, to_ir_type(a, obj_ln->extra.elem));
+        spl_ir_node_ref_t begin_v = 0;
+        if (n->slice.begin)
+            begin_v = emit_expr(a, n->slice.begin);
+        else
+            begin_v = spl_ir_builder_type_const_int(a->ir, usize_ir, 0);
+        if (!begin_v)
+            return 0;
 
-        /* 字段 0：ptr */
-        spl_ir_builder_agg_construct_field(a->ir, node, base);
+        spl_ir_node_ref_t ptr = spl_ir_builder_mem_offset(a->ir, elem_ir, base, begin_v);
+        if (!ptr)
+            return 0;
 
-        /* 字段 1：len —— 数组取 len，切片取原切片 len */
-        spl_ir_node_ref_t len = 0;
-        if (obj_ln->kind == SPL_LANG_TYPE_ARRAY) {
+        spl_ir_node_ref_t end_v = 0;
+        if (n->slice.end) {
+            end_v = emit_expr(a, n->slice.end);
+        } else if (obj_ln->kind == SPL_LANG_TYPE_ARRAY) {
             spl_type_node_t *arr = spl_type_node(a->sema->type, obj_ln->ir_type_id);
-            spl_lang_type_id_t usize = spl_lang_make_int(a->sema->type, sizeof(void *) * 8, 0);
-            len = spl_ir_builder_type_const_int(a->ir, to_ir_type(a, usize), arr->array_type.len);
+            end_v = spl_ir_builder_type_const_int(a->ir, usize_ir, arr->array_type.len);
         } else if (obj_ln->kind == SPL_LANG_TYPE_SLICE) {
             spl_ir_node_ref_t slice_val = emit_expr(a, n->slice.obj);
-            spl_lang_type_id_t usize = spl_lang_make_int(a->sema->type, sizeof(void *) * 8, 0);
-            len = spl_ir_builder_agg_extract(a->ir, to_ir_type(a, usize), to_ir_type(a, usize),
+            end_v = spl_ir_builder_agg_extract(a->ir, obj_ln->ir_type_id, usize_ir,
                                                SPL_SLICE_LEN_FIELD_IDX, slice_val);
         } else {
             return 0;
         }
+        if (!end_v)
+            return 0;
+
+        spl_ir_node_ref_t len = spl_ir_builder_arith_sub(a->ir, usize_ir, end_v, begin_v);
+
+        spl_ir_node_ref_t node = spl_ir_builder_agg_construct(a->ir, slice_ir);
+        if (!node)
+            return 0;
+        spl_ir_builder_agg_construct_field(a->ir, node, ptr);
         spl_ir_builder_agg_construct_field(a->ir, node, len);
         return node;
     }
-    case SPL_AST_EXPR_COMPTIME_CALL:
-        // TODO
+    case SPL_AST_EXPR_COMPTIME_CALL: {
+        spl_intrin_t in = spl_intrin_lookup_call(n->comptime_call.name);
+        if (in == SPL_INTRIN_NONE)
             return 0;
+        return ast2ir_intrin_call(a, n, in, &n->comptime_call.args);
+    }
     default:
         TODO();
         return 0;
@@ -959,6 +1038,42 @@ static void emit_container(spl_ast2ir_t *a, spl_ast_node_ref_t ref) {
     }
 }
 
+static spl_ir_node_ref_t emit_implicit_cast(spl_ast2ir_t *a, spl_type_id_t ft, spl_type_id_t tt,
+                                            spl_ir_node_ref_t v) {
+    if (!ft || !tt || ft == tt)
+        return v;
+    spl_type_node_t *fs = spl_type_node(a->sema->type, ft);
+    spl_type_node_t *ts = spl_type_node(a->sema->type, tt);
+    if (!fs || !ts)
+        return v;
+
+    if (fs->kind == SPL_TYPE_INT && ts->kind == SPL_TYPE_INT) {
+        if (fs->int_type.bits == ts->int_type.bits)
+            return spl_ir_builder_cast_bitcast(a->ir, ft, tt, v);
+        if (fs->int_type.bits > ts->int_type.bits)
+            return spl_ir_builder_cast_trunc(a->ir, ft, tt, v);
+        if (fs->int_type.is_signed)
+            return spl_ir_builder_cast_sext(a->ir, ft, tt, v);
+        return spl_ir_builder_cast_zext(a->ir, ft, tt, v);
+    }
+    if (fs->kind == SPL_TYPE_INT && ts->kind == SPL_TYPE_FLOAT)
+        return spl_ir_builder_case_int2float(a->ir, ft, tt, v);
+    if (fs->kind == SPL_TYPE_FLOAT && ts->kind == SPL_TYPE_INT)
+        return spl_ir_builder_case_float2int(a->ir, ft, tt, v);
+    if (fs->kind == SPL_TYPE_FLOAT && ts->kind == SPL_TYPE_FLOAT) {
+        if (fs->float_type.bits > ts->float_type.bits)
+            return spl_ir_builder_cast_ftrunc(a->ir, ft, tt, v);
+        return spl_ir_builder_cast_fext(a->ir, ft, tt, v);
+    }
+    if (fs->kind == SPL_TYPE_BOOL && ts->kind == SPL_TYPE_INT)
+        return spl_ir_builder_cast_bool2int(a->ir, ft, tt, v);
+    if (fs->kind == SPL_TYPE_PTR && ts->kind == SPL_TYPE_INT)
+        return spl_ir_builder_cast_ptr2int(a->ir, ft, tt, v);
+    if (fs->kind == SPL_TYPE_INT && ts->kind == SPL_TYPE_PTR)
+        return spl_ir_builder_cast_int2ptr(a->ir, ft, tt, v);
+    return spl_ir_builder_cast_bitcast(a->ir, ft, tt, v);
+}
+
 static usize spl_int_map_hash(usize k) { return MAP_HASH_INT(k); }
 static int spl_int_map_cmp(usize a, usize b) { return MAP_CMP_INT(a, b); }
 

stage1/spl_intrin.c

@@ -8,6 +8,8 @@ static const spl_intrin_info_t g_intrin_table[] = {
                             SPL_INTRIN_RESULT_USIZE},
     [SPL_INTRIN_ASSERT] = {"@assert", SPL_INTRIN_ASSERT, SPL_INTRIN_FORM_CALL, 1, 2,
                            SPL_INTRIN_RESULT_UNIT},
+    [SPL_INTRIN_BREAKPOINT] = {"@breakpoint", SPL_INTRIN_BREAKPOINT, SPL_INTRIN_FORM_CALL, 0, 0,
+                               SPL_INTRIN_RESULT_UNIT},
     [SPL_INTRIN_LEN] = {"len", SPL_INTRIN_LEN, SPL_INTRIN_FORM_FIELD, 0, 0,
                         SPL_INTRIN_RESULT_USIZE},
 };

stage1/spl_intrin.h

@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ typedef enum {
     SPL_INTRIN_SIZEOF,
     SPL_INTRIN_ALIGNOF,
     SPL_INTRIN_ASSERT,
+    SPL_INTRIN_BREAKPOINT,
     SPL_INTRIN_LEN,
 } spl_intrin_t;
 

stage1/spl_ir.c

@@ -196,8 +196,8 @@ static void ir_dump_node(const spl_type_t *ty, spl_ir_node_t *n) {
             printf(" float=%f", n->type_const.float_lit);
         } else if (t && t->kind == SPL_TYPE_FN) {
             printf(" fn#%zu", n->type_const.fn);
-        } else if (t && t->kind == SPL_TYPE_PTR) {
-            printf(" str=\"%s\"", n->type_const.cstr_lit ? n->type_const.cstr_lit : "?");
+            // } else if (t && t->kind == SPL_TYPE_PTR) {
+            //     printf(" str=\"%s\"", n->type_const.cstr_lit ? n->type_const.cstr_lit : "?");
         } else if (t && t->kind == SPL_TYPE_INT && t->int_type.bits == 8) {
             printf(" char='%c'", n->type_const.ch_lit);
         } else {
@@ -315,12 +315,16 @@ static spl_ir_node_ref_t builder_alloc_node(spl_ir_builder_t *b, spl_ir_kind_t k
     spl_ir_node_t *n = spl_ir_node(&b->ir, b->current_fn, ref);
     n->kind = kind;
     n->dbg = b->dbg;
-    if (b->current_block < vec_size(b->blocks)) {
-        vec_at(b->blocks, b->current_block) = ref;
-    } else {
+
+    if (b->current_block >= vec_size(b->blocks)) {
         Panic("unknown bblock");
         return 0;
     }
+
+    spl_ir_node_ref_t *slot = &vec_at(b->blocks, b->current_block);
+    if (*slot == 0)
+        *slot = ref;
+
     return ref;
 }
 
@@ -378,7 +382,7 @@ void spl_ir_builder_fn_end(spl_ir_builder_t *b) {
             target = vec_at(b->blocks, fx->block);
         }
         if (target == 0) {
-            Panic("unknown reloc target bblock");
+            Panic("reloc to empty/unknown bblock #%zu", fx->block);
         }
         switch (fx->slot) {
         case SPL_IR_FIX_BR_TRUE:
@@ -411,6 +415,10 @@ void spl_ir_builder_block_end(spl_ir_builder_t *b) {
     if (!b->terminated) {
         Panic("bblock must be end of terminated");
     }
+    if (b->current_block != 0 && b->current_block < vec_size(b->blocks) &&
+        vec_at(b->blocks, b->current_block) == 0) {
+        Panic("bblock #%zu is empty (no entry node emitted)", b->current_block);
+    }
 }
 
 #define X(name, kind)                                                                              \
@@ -584,7 +592,8 @@ spl_ir_node_ref_t spl_ir_builder_type_const_cstr(spl_ir_builder_t *b, spl_type_i
     spl_ir_node_ref_t ref = builder_alloc_node(b, SPL_IR_TYPE_CONST);
     spl_ir_node_t *n = spl_ir_node(&b->ir, b->current_fn, ref);
     n->type_const.tid = tid;
-    n->type_const.cstr_lit = val;
+    TODO();
+    // n->type_const.cstr_lit = val;
     return ref;
 }
 
@@ -769,7 +778,9 @@ spl_ir_node_ref_t spl_ir_builder_control_ret(spl_ir_builder_t *b, spl_type_id_t
 }
 
 spl_ir_node_ref_t spl_ir_builder_control_unreachable(spl_ir_builder_t *b) {
-    return builder_alloc_node(b, SPL_IR_CONTROL_UNREACHABLE);
+    spl_ir_node_ref_t ref = builder_alloc_node(b, SPL_IR_CONTROL_UNREACHABLE);
+    b->terminated = true;
+    return ref;
 }
 
 spl_ir_node_ref_t spl_ir_builder_control_trap(spl_ir_builder_t *b) {

stage1/spl_ir.h

@@ -145,7 +145,7 @@ typedef struct {
                 void *ptr_lit;
                 usize int_lit;
                 double float_lit;
-                const char *cstr_lit;
+                // const char *cstr_lit;
                 char ch_lit;
                 spl_ir_func_ref_t fn;
             };

stage1/spl_ir2vm.h

@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@ typedef struct {
 void spl_ir2vm_init(spl_ir2vm_t *ctx, const spl_ir_t *ir, const spl_type_t *type);
 void spl_ir2vm_drop(spl_ir2vm_t *ctx);
 
+int spl_ir2vm_run_func(spl_ir2vm_t *ctx, spl_ir_func_ref_t ref);
 int spl_ir2vm_run(spl_ir2vm_t *ctx);
 void spl_ir2vm_dump(spl_ir2vm_t *ctx);
 

stage1/spl_layout.c

@@ -0,0 +1,266 @@
+#include "spl_layout.h"
+
+static void infos_grow(spl_layout_t *layout, usize n) {
+    while (vec_size(layout->infos) < n) {
+        spl_layout_info_t info = {0};
+        vec_init(info.field_bit_offsets);
+        vec_init(info.field_bit_sizes);
+        vec_push(layout->infos, info);
+    }
+}
+
+static spl_layout_info_t *infos_at(spl_layout_t *layout, spl_type_id_t id) {
+    if (id == 0 || id >= vec_size(layout->infos))
+        return NULL;
+    return &vec_at(layout->infos, id);
+}
+
+void spl_layout_add_scalar(spl_layout_t *layout, usize size, usize abi_align) {
+    spl_layout_scalar_t s = {0};
+    s.size = size;
+    s.abi_align = abi_align;
+    s.pref_align = abi_align;
+    vec_init(s.invalid_values);
+    vec_push(layout->scalars, s);
+}
+
+void spl_layout_add_ptr(spl_layout_t *layout, usize addr_space, usize size, usize align) {
+    spl_layout_ptr_t p = {0};
+    p.add_space = addr_space;
+    p.ptr_size = size;
+    p.ptr_align = align;
+    vec_push(layout->pointers, p);
+}
+
+void spl_layout_init(spl_layout_t *layout, spl_layout_target_t *target) {
+    vec_init(layout->scalars);
+    vec_init(layout->pointers);
+    vec_init(layout->infos);
+    layout->target = target;
+
+    /* 默认聚合策略：按最大字段对齐，不允许重排 */
+    layout->aggregate.allow_field_reordering = false;
+    layout->aggregate.align_rule = ALIGN_MAX;
+    layout->aggregate.fixed_align = 0;
+
+    /* 常见 64 位平台的默认布局。
+       若目标平台不适用，调用者 clear 后自行 add_*。 */
+    spl_layout_add_scalar(layout, 1, 1); /* i8 / u8 / bool */
+    spl_layout_add_scalar(layout, 2, 2); /* i16 / u16 */
+    spl_layout_add_scalar(layout, 4, 4); /* i32 / u32 / f32 */
+    spl_layout_add_scalar(layout, 8, 8); /* i64 / u64 / f64 */
+
+    usize ps = sizeof(void *);
+    spl_layout_add_ptr(layout, 0, ps, ps);
+}
+
+void spl_layout_drop(spl_layout_t *layout) {
+    for (usize i = 0; i < vec_size(layout->scalars); ++i)
+        vec_free(vec_at(layout->scalars, i).invalid_values);
+    vec_free(layout->scalars);
+
+    vec_free(layout->pointers);
+
+    for (usize i = 0; i < vec_size(layout->infos); ++i) {
+        vec_free(vec_at(layout->infos, i).field_bit_offsets);
+        vec_free(vec_at(layout->infos, i).field_bit_sizes);
+    }
+    vec_free(layout->infos);
+}
+
+static const spl_layout_scalar_t *scalar_for_size(spl_layout_t *layout, usize size_bytes) {
+    for (usize i = 0; i < vec_size(layout->scalars); ++i) {
+        spl_layout_scalar_t *s = &vec_at(layout->scalars, i);
+        if (s->size == size_bytes)
+            return s;
+    }
+    return NULL;
+}
+
+static const spl_layout_ptr_t *default_ptr(spl_layout_t *layout) {
+    if (vec_size(layout->pointers) == 0)
+        return NULL;
+    return &vec_at(layout->pointers, 0);
+}
+
+static bool layout_scalar(spl_layout_t *layout, spl_type_node_t *tn, spl_layout_info_t *out) {
+    usize size_bits = 0;
+    switch (tn->kind) {
+    case SPL_TYPE_INT:
+        if (tn->int_type.bits == 0)
+            return false; /* comptime_int 未落地 */
+        size_bits = tn->int_type.bits;
+        break;
+    case SPL_TYPE_FLOAT:
+        if (tn->float_type.bits == 0)
+            return false; /* comptime_float 未落地 */
+        size_bits = tn->float_type.bits;
+        break;
+    case SPL_TYPE_BOOL:
+        size_bits = 8;
+        break;
+    default:
+        return false;
+    }
+    usize size_bytes = (size_bits + 7) / 8;
+    const spl_layout_scalar_t *sl = scalar_for_size(layout, size_bytes);
+    if (!sl)
+        return false;
+
+    out->size_bits = sl->size * 8;
+    out->align_bits = sl->abi_align * 8;
+    return true;
+}
+
+static bool layout_ptr(spl_layout_t *layout, spl_layout_info_t *out) {
+    const spl_layout_ptr_t *pl = default_ptr(layout);
+    if (!pl)
+        return false;
+    out->size_bits = pl->ptr_size * 8;
+    out->align_bits = pl->ptr_align * 8;
+    return true;
+}
+
+static usize round_up_bits(usize x, usize align_bits) {
+    if (align_bits <= 1)
+        return x;
+    usize a = align_bits;
+    return (x + a - 1) / a * a;
+}
+
+static bool layout_agg(spl_layout_t *layout, spl_type_node_t *tn, spl_layout_info_t *out) {
+    usize n = vec_size(tn->agg_type.variants);
+    if (n == 0) {
+        out->size_bits = 0;
+        out->align_bits = 8;
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    usize max_align_bits = 8;
+    usize offset_bits = 0;
+    bool is_union = (tn->kind == SPL_TYPE_UNION);
+
+    for (usize i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
+        spl_type_member_t *m = &vec_at(tn->agg_type.variants, i);
+        spl_layout_info_t *fi = infos_at(layout, m->type_id);
+        if (!fi || !fi->resolved)
+            return false;
+
+        usize field_align_bits = fi->align_bits ? fi->align_bits : 8;
+
+        if (is_union) {
+            vec_push(out->field_bit_offsets, 0);
+            vec_push(out->field_bit_sizes, fi->size_bits);
+            if (fi->size_bits > out->size_bits)
+                out->size_bits = fi->size_bits;
+        } else {
+            offset_bits = round_up_bits(offset_bits, field_align_bits);
+            vec_push(out->field_bit_offsets, offset_bits);
+            vec_push(out->field_bit_sizes, fi->size_bits);
+            offset_bits += fi->size_bits;
+        }
+        if (field_align_bits > max_align_bits)
+            max_align_bits = field_align_bits;
+    }
+
+    /* 聚合对齐策略 */
+    usize final_align_bits = max_align_bits;
+    if (layout->aggregate.align_rule == ALIGN_FIXED) {
+        final_align_bits = layout->aggregate.fixed_align * 8;
+    } else if (layout->aggregate.align_rule == ALIGN_MAX_WITH_MIN) {
+        usize min_bits = layout->aggregate.fixed_align * 8;
+        if (final_align_bits < min_bits)
+            final_align_bits = min_bits;
+    }
+
+    if (is_union)
+        out->size_bits = round_up_bits(out->size_bits, final_align_bits);
+    else
+        out->size_bits = round_up_bits(offset_bits, final_align_bits);
+    out->align_bits = final_align_bits;
+    return true;
+}
+
+static void resolve_type(spl_layout_t *layout, spl_type_t *type, spl_type_id_t id) {
+    spl_layout_info_t *info = infos_at(layout, id);
+    if (!info || info->resolved)
+        return;
+
+    spl_type_node_t *tn = spl_type_node(type, id);
+    if (!tn)
+        return;
+
+    /* 先标记已解析：自引用类型（通过 ptr）不会无限递归，
+       但保持防御性写法。 */
+    info->resolved = true;
+
+    switch (tn->kind) {
+    case SPL_TYPE_ERROR:
+    case SPL_TYPE_INFER:
+    case SPL_TYPE_FORALL:
+    case SPL_TYPE_EXISTS:
+    case SPL_TYPE_NEVER:
+    case SPL_TYPE_UNIT:
+        info->size_bits = 0;
+        info->align_bits = 8;
+        return;
+
+    case SPL_TYPE_ANY:
+        /* 顶层类型：stage1 按不透明指针处理 */
+        layout_ptr(layout, info);
+        return;
+
+    case SPL_TYPE_BOOL:
+    case SPL_TYPE_INT:
+    case SPL_TYPE_FLOAT:
+        layout_scalar(layout, tn, info);
+        return;
+
+    case SPL_TYPE_PTR:
+        layout_ptr(layout, info);
+        return;
+
+    case SPL_TYPE_ARRAY: {
+        resolve_type(layout, type, tn->array_type.element);
+        spl_layout_info_t *elem = infos_at(layout, tn->array_type.element);
+        if (!elem || !elem->resolved)
+            return;
+        info->size_bits = elem->size_bits * tn->array_type.len;
+        info->align_bits = elem->align_bits;
+        return;
+    }
+
+    case SPL_TYPE_STRUCT:
+    case SPL_TYPE_UNION:
+    case SPL_TYPE_ENUM:
+    case SPL_TYPE_SHAPE: {
+        for (usize i = 0; i < vec_size(tn->agg_type.variants); ++i) {
+            spl_type_member_t *m = &vec_at(tn->agg_type.variants, i);
+            resolve_type(layout, type, m->type_id);
+        }
+        layout_agg(layout, tn, info);
+        return;
+    }
+
+    case SPL_TYPE_FN:
+        /* 函数类型按函数指针布局 */
+        for (usize i = 0; i < vec_size(tn->fn_type.params); ++i)
+            resolve_type(layout, type, vec_at(tn->fn_type.params, i));
+        resolve_type(layout, type, tn->fn_type.ret);
+        layout_ptr(layout, info);
+        return;
+    }
+}
+
+void spl_layout_resolve(spl_layout_t *layout, spl_type_t *type) {
+    infos_grow(layout, vec_size(type->type_table));
+    for (usize i = 1; i < vec_size(type->type_table); ++i)
+        resolve_type(layout, type, i);
+}
+
+const spl_layout_info_t *spl_layout_info_of(spl_layout_t *layout, spl_type_id_t id) {
+    spl_layout_info_t *info = infos_at(layout, id);
+    if (!info || !info->resolved)
+        return NULL;
+    return info;
+}

stage1/spl_layout.h

@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+#ifndef __SPL_LAYOUT_H__
+#define __SPL_LAYOUT_H__
+
+#include "spl_type.h"
+
+typedef struct {
+    usize size;
+    usize abi_align;
+    usize pref_align;
+    VEC(usize) invalid_values;
+} spl_layout_scalar_t;
+
+typedef struct {
+    usize add_space;
+    usize ptr_size;
+    usize ptr_align;
+} spl_layout_ptr_t;
+
+typedef struct {
+    bool allow_field_reordering;
+    enum { ALIGN_MAX, ALIGN_FIXED, ALIGN_MAX_WITH_MIN } align_rule;
+    usize fixed_align;
+} spl_layout_agg_t;
+
+typedef struct {
+    usize size_bits;
+    usize align_bits;
+    VEC(usize) field_bit_offsets;
+    VEC(usize) field_bit_sizes;
+    bool resolved;
+} spl_layout_info_t;
+
+typedef struct {
+    enum { SPL_BIG_ENDIAN, SPL_LITTLE_ENDIAN } endian; // TODO 更多位存储方式
+
+} spl_layout_target_t;
+
+typedef struct {
+    VEC(spl_layout_scalar_t) scalars;
+    VEC(spl_layout_ptr_t) pointers;
+    spl_layout_agg_t aggregate;
+    VEC(spl_layout_info_t) infos;
+    spl_layout_target_t *target;
+} spl_layout_t;
+
+void spl_layout_init(spl_layout_t *layout, spl_layout_target_t *target);
+void spl_layout_drop(spl_layout_t *layout);
+
+void spl_layout_resolve(spl_layout_t *layout, spl_type_t *type);
+
+void spl_layout_add_scalar(spl_layout_t *layout, usize size, usize abi_align);
+void spl_layout_add_ptr(spl_layout_t *layout, usize addr_space, usize size, usize align);
+
+const spl_layout_info_t *spl_layout_info_of(spl_layout_t *layout, spl_type_id_t id);
+
+#endif /* __SPL_LAYOUT_H__ */

stage1/splc0.c

@@ -129,25 +129,25 @@ static int compile_spl(const char *src, const char *fname, const char *outpath,
         return 0;
     }
 
-    // spl_ir2vm_t ir2vm;
-    // spl_ir2vm_init(&ir2vm, &a2ir.ir->ir, sema.type);
-    // int rc = spl_ir2vm_run(&ir2vm);
-    // if (rc != 0) {
-    //     printf("ir2vm error %d", rc);
-    //     return rc;
-    // }
-    // if (dump == DUMP_VM) {
-    //     spl_prog_dump(&ir2vm.prog);
-    //     // memory leak
-    //     return 0;
-    // }
+    spl_ir2vm_t ir2vm;
+    spl_ir2vm_init(&ir2vm, &a2ir.ir->ir, sema.type);
+    int rc = spl_ir2vm_run(&ir2vm);
+    if (rc != 0) {
+        printf("ir2vm error %d", rc);
+        return rc;
+    }
+    if (dump == DUMP_VM) {
+        spl_prog_dump(&ir2vm.prog);
+        // memory leak
+        return 0;
+    }
 
-    // spl_prog_store_to_file(outpath, &ir2vm.prog);
+    spl_prog_store_to_file(outpath, &ir2vm.prog);
 
-    // spl_ir2vm_drop(&ir2vm);
-    // spl_ast2ir_drop(&a2ir);
-    // spl_sema_drop(&sema);
-    // spl_ast_drop(&ast);
+    spl_ir2vm_drop(&ir2vm);
+    spl_ast2ir_drop(&a2ir);
+    spl_sema_drop(&sema);
+    spl_ast_drop(&ast);
     return 0;
 }