"""
图片处理模块。
将 Markdown 中的 ``
`` 标签解析为独立段落,
并在 Word 文档中插入图片及居中图标题。
"""
import struct
import re
from pathlib import Path
from docx import Document
from docx.enum.text import WD_ALIGN_PARAGRAPH
# 匹配
_IMG_TAG = re.compile(
r'
]*?)src=["\']([^"\']+)["\']([^>]*?)>', re.IGNORECASE
)
# 从标签属性块中提取名值对
_ATTR = re.compile(r'(\w+)\s*=\s*["\']([^"\']*)["\']')
# 匹配 **图X ...** 重复图标题(注入时跳过)
_FIG_CAPTION = re.compile(
r'^\*\*(?:图|Table|Figure|Fig\.?)\s*\d+.*\*\*$', re.IGNORECASE
)
def make_image_paragraph(block: str, base_dir: str | Path | None = None) -> dict | None:
"""若 *block* 包含 ``
`` 标签,返回图片段落字典;否则返回 ``None``。
Parameters
----------
block : str
文本块。
base_dir : str | Path | None
Markdown 文件所在目录,用于解析图片相对路径。
"""
m = _IMG_TAG.search(block)
if not m:
return None
attrs = dict(_ATTR.findall(block))
src = attrs.get("src", m.group(2))
if base_dir and not Path(src).is_absolute():
src = str(Path(base_dir) / src)
return {
"type": "image",
"src": src,
"alt": attrs.get("alt", ""),
}
def is_figure_caption(block: str) -> bool:
"""检查 *block* 是否为 ``**图X ...**`` 格式的重复图标题。"""
return bool(_FIG_CAPTION.match(block.strip()))
def _get_image_dimensions(image_path: str) -> tuple[int, int] | None:
"""读取图片文件头返回 ``(width_px, height_px)``,不支持格式返回 ``None``。
仅读取文件头,不依赖第三方库。支持 PNG / JPEG / GIF / BMP。
"""
try:
with open(image_path, "rb") as f:
header = f.read(32)
except Exception:
return None
# PNG: 8-byte signature, then IHDR chunk
if header[:8] == b"\x89PNG\r\n\x1a\n":
w, h = struct.unpack_from(">II", header, 16)
return w, h
# JPEG: starts with FF D8, scan for SOF marker
if header[:2] == b"\xff\xd8":
pos = 2
while pos < len(header):
if header[pos] != 0xFF:
return None
marker = header[pos + 1]
if marker in (0xC0, 0xC1, 0xC2):
h, w = struct.unpack_from(">HH", header, pos + 5)
return w, h
seg_len = struct.unpack_from(">H", header, pos + 2)[0]
pos += 2 + seg_len
return None
# GIF: "GIF87a" or "GIF89a"
if header[:6] in (b"GIF87a", b"GIF89a"):
w, h = struct.unpack_from(" int | None:
"""读取图片的原生宽度(EMU),失败返回 ``None``。
Word 默认以 72 DPI 渲染图片,1 px = 914400 / 72 = 12700 EMU。
"""
dims = _get_image_dimensions(image_path)
if dims is None:
return None
w_px, _ = dims
return w_px * 12700
def _constrain_width(image_path: str, page_text_width: int) -> int | None:
"""返回图片宽度(EMU),超出页宽时缩至页宽。
Parameters
----------
image_path : str
图片路径。
page_text_width : int
页面正文区宽度(EMU),来自 ``section.page_width - margins``。
"""
native = _get_native_emu(image_path)
if native is None:
return None
return min(native, page_text_width)
def insert_image_paragraphs(
doc: Document,
paragraphs: list[dict],
*,
idx: int,
parent,
):
"""在 *doc* 的指定位置插入图片段落序列。
每条图片段落生成两个 Word 段落:
1. 居中图片(超出页宽时自动缩放至页宽,否则保持原尺寸)
2. 居中图标题(从 ``alt`` 提取)
插入顺序保持 ``paragraphs`` 的原有顺序。
"""
section = doc.sections[0]
page_text_width = section.page_width - section.left_margin - section.right_margin
for pd_data in reversed(paragraphs):
# 图标题(在 reversed 中先插入,最终位于图片下方)
cap_p = doc.add_paragraph(pd_data.get("alt", ""))
cap_p.alignment = WD_ALIGN_PARAGRAPH.CENTER
parent.insert(idx, cap_p._element)
# 图片段落(max-width 行为:超出页宽时压缩,否则原尺寸)
img_p = doc.add_paragraph()
img_p.alignment = WD_ALIGN_PARAGRAPH.CENTER
img_run = img_p.add_run()
try:
img_width = _constrain_width(pd_data["src"], page_text_width)
img_run.add_picture(pd_data["src"], width=img_width)
except Exception as exc:
print(f"警告:图片加载失败 {pd_data['src']} — {exc}")
img_run.add_text(f"[图片加载失败: {pd_data['src']}]")
parent.insert(idx, img_p._element)