diff --git a/src/kvraft1/server.go b/src/kvraft1/server.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..75197e7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/kvraft1/server.go
@@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
+package kvraft
+
+import (
+	"sync/atomic"
+
+	"6.5840/kvraft1/rsm"
+	"6.5840/kvsrv1/rpc"
+	"6.5840/labgob"
+	"6.5840/labrpc"
+	"6.5840/tester1"
+
+)
+
+type KVServer struct {
+	me   int
+	dead int32 // set by Kill()
+	rsm  *rsm.RSM
+
+	// Your definitions here.
+}
+
+func (kv *KVServer) DoOp(req any) any {
+	// Your code here
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (kv *KVServer) Snapshot() []byte {
+	// Your code here
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (kv *KVServer) Restore(data []byte) {
+	// Your code here
+}
+
+func (kv *KVServer) Get(args *rpc.GetArgs, reply *rpc.GetReply) {
+	// Your code here. Use kv.rsm.Submit() to submit args
+	// You can use go's type casts to turn the any return value
+	// of Submit() into a GetReply: rep.(rpc.GetReply)
+}
+
+func (kv *KVServer) Put(args *rpc.PutArgs, reply *rpc.PutReply) {
+	// Your code here. Use kv.rsm.Submit() to submit args
+	// You can use go's type casts to turn the any return value
+	// of Submit() into a PutReply: rep.(rpc.PutReply)
+}
+
+// the tester calls Kill() when a KVServer instance won't
+// be needed again. for your convenience, we supply
+// code to set rf.dead (without needing a lock),
+// and a killed() method to test rf.dead in
+// long-running loops. you can also add your own
+// code to Kill(). you're not required to do anything
+// about this, but it may be convenient (for example)
+// to suppress debug output from a Kill()ed instance.
+func (kv *KVServer) Kill() {
+	atomic.StoreInt32(&kv.dead, 1)
+	// Your code here, if desired.
+}
+
+func (kv *KVServer) killed() bool {
+	z := atomic.LoadInt32(&kv.dead)
+	return z == 1
+}
+
+// StartKVServer() and MakeRSM() must return quickly, so they should
+// start goroutines for any long-running work.
+func StartKVServer(servers []*labrpc.ClientEnd, gid tester.Tgid, me int, persister *tester.Persister, maxraftstate int) []tester.IService {
+	// call labgob.Register on structures you want
+	// Go's RPC library to marshall/unmarshall.
+	labgob.Register(rsm.Op{})
+	labgob.Register(rpc.PutArgs{})
+	labgob.Register(rpc.GetArgs{})
+
+	kv := &KVServer{me: me}
+
+
+	kv.rsm = rsm.MakeRSM(servers, me, persister, maxraftstate, kv)
+	// You may need initialization code here.
+	return []tester.IService{kv, kv.rsm.Raft()}
+}
diff --git a/src/shardkv1/shardgrp/server.go b/src/shardkv1/shardgrp/server.go
index 20a8e5b..ead33c5 100644
--- a/src/shardkv1/shardgrp/server.go
+++ b/src/shardkv1/shardgrp/server.go
@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ import (
 	"6.5840/labgob"
 	"6.5840/labrpc"
 	"6.5840/shardkv1/shardgrp/shardrpc"
+	"6.5840/tester1"
 )